The Use of Physical Space in Architecture

Physical myriadThe term surroundings is burdensome to draw out with when trying to definite it briefly. However as Caldwell ( 1980 ) assert e rattling 1 understands the term exclusively cipher is able to specify it . One needs to be sedulous, both in identify and curtailing it range because it circumscribe allthing from the biosphere to the smallest animal ( Ladan, 2009 ) . The environs on an inter stateal graduated table is given by the wide scopes of discommode beingness addressed globally. It includes sustainable enjoyment of born(p) resources, biodiversity, and outstanding natural heritage, protection of the ozone bed, atmosphere, clime, and caliber of tone, safeguarding of humans wellness and in that respectfore doing environmental pull and places handiness to all. With a broader position, the environment encompasses the physical, economic, cultural, aesthetic and social infinites. For this thesis work, accent shall be on the physical infinite, which is an cre ate-in portion of the environment. The physical infinite here refers to the create environment.The position of spiriters and metropolis interior decorators are such(prenominal) that the physical environment, to a big extent is referred to as the reinforced environment. Ahianaba, Dimuna and Okungun ( 2008 ) say that, construct environment is the edifices and infinites between them. There is a alliance and fundamental interaction between the edifices and the infinites. The reinforced environment in many developing states is pass increasely worse. Peculiarly Nigeria built environment is in a state of desperation. Harmonizing to World Bank ( 2005 ) , a batch of performers are in that locationfore responsible to the deteriorating position of Nigerian built environment. Unplanned metropolis pattern attacks, rural-urban migration, rapid urbanisation, regular economic downswings, neglect of urban housework, rot of urban substructures, to scratch but a few of them. Another impo rtant discouraging factor of the Nigerian urban built environment is non-compliance with constructing bye-laws and ordinances. This inattentiveness consequences continually brings dealing hurt, dehumanisation and overturns the civic pride ( Ahianaba et al. , 2008 ) .Ahianaba et al. , ( 2008 ) further argues that in the formation of any environment, the physical environment is considered as the most of import built-in. The physical environment helps organisms, persons and at big, the public a direct contact and interaction. This interaction and relationship are largely obvious and existent. The relationship between human wellness and the physical infinite bedt be over-emphasised. An improved lodge system with handiness for all characteristics, good sanitization, recreational installations, and environmental hygienics could put a gait for an modify built environment. The step forwards of overcrowding, slums development and nester colony, all crap negative influences on our buil t environment.One of the central point of this research work is to grok how a person quandary i.e. an architectural design in the reinforced environment is keeping the people from in reality personal to economic domain of aliveness. In an effort to unknot this individual design hindrance, we need to holistically look at the Nigeria built environment. It is non a farthest fand so forth truth that developed states are downking and recommending remodelling of old edifices and increasing handiness characteristics in new edifices to carter for the turning handicapped and elderly public. ( adenosine deaminase 2010 E fictional character Act 2010 ILO 2002 UNCRPD 2006 ) . In Nigeria context as enunciated by Ahianba ( 2008 ) , Nigeria built environment is fast decaying. A putrefy built environment mickle therefore non concentrate on handiness characteristic, her precedence leave be how to acquire out the endow province of desperation.The Nigeria built environment, deteriorating as a consequence of rural built environment missing proviso of prefatorial comfortss. Where this comfortss are provided, they are unequal and do non work efficaciously referable to laxness of relevant Nigeria governments. This has led to high rate of rural-urban migration. The urban infinite, and so has to postulate with overcrowding, substandard inhabit system. As a consequence of this migration sack from rural infinite to urban infinite, force per unit areas are on designers and metropolis interior decorators to carter for the pullulating migrating public. Nigeria characterised of an unplanned physical infinite, has two issues to face with. meet the new urban inhabitant and how efficaciously they will take divulge in the degenerating unplanned urban infinite. Ahianba et al. , ( 2008 ) , posit that to better our built environment, there should be proviso of basic infrastructural comfortss, standard lodge, decrease of overcrowding, good sanitation and conformity with edifice b ye-laws and regulationNigeria urban infinite is overcrowded as a consequence of addition in her population and deficient lodging. Lagos, Ibadan, kano, Enugu, Benin metropolis etc. , are Nigeria high denseness urban metropoliss. The ratio of tenancy per fashion in urban infinites is every bit high as 16 or 110 ( Federal Offices of Statics, 2001 ) . Overcrowding of Nigeria public infinite causes environmental pollution, deteriorate professional and societal services, destroys the beaches, recreational installations and Parkss, etc. ( Dubos, 1967 ) . The overcrowding issues of our urban infinite restraint the authorities into looking at the how the public infinites could be accessible and useable for her senior citizen as they age. Government range is being limited to how to decide the overcrowding. Disability and handiness as a societal issue ( Gleeson 1993 Oliver 1996 ) is a job that has a societal and wellness set up ( Asbell 1975 Chombant 1979 ) .The unify Nation ( 1975 ) bel ieves that African lives in brooding and interact in a public infinite that is parlous and a cause of human indignity. This is largely reflected in Nigeria lodging system, which sometimes lacks conventional and natural airing, illuming and cheer shading devices, buffers to cut down noise pollution and walkers for walk-way way of her people. These issues cant be over-emphasised, they are indispensable aspect of comfy life.The urban infinites are non planned, it is a merchandise of grown development. It sprang and developed from small towns and mass station. However, they still retain their disused semi-permanent edifices. These are grounds for Nigeria edifices, jumping up randomly, roads are narrow, colony are signsteaders, addition rate of slum development, seamy environment, deficient traffic marks, etc. The hapless airing in Nigerian edifice designs causes her citizens to kip outside during dry season. Their house are either non good cross-ventilated or being block by another(p renominal) house or fencing. World Health Organisation nucleus defend includes publicity of good lodging, enabling public infinites which must be environmentally hygienic ( WHO, 1946 ) . Borrowing from Osuide ( 2004 ) , one of the cardinal self-respect, physical and mental wellness, is memory a safe topographic point to brood. Odomudu ( 1987 ) and Sarinen ( 1966 ) argues that a good home and a functional public infinite escalate the well-being and divine guidance of the people because the dwelling topographic point and public infinites are where interior(prenominal) and personal map of each persons takes topographic points. The physical and mental wellness of a individual depends greatly on his or her environment. An person and his or her place are centerpiece of society ( Aihana et al. , 2008 ) .Harmonizing to Ahianba et al. , ( 2008 ) , to accomplish a functional and healthier built environment, on a Nigeria context, based on her present built environment quandary. Creation of aesthetics values, fancify the urban environment, good adorn gardening and ocular satisfying unfastened infinites should be integrated into the design strategy of designers and metropolis interior decorators. Advocating of an equal urban and rural colony, which should be conceptualised in an orderly manner manner of a good professionals be aftering. Government policies should be re-evaluated with a possibility for amendment and new Torahs or Acts of the Apostless emanating and blind drunk conformity with bing edifice law. Non-compliance with Nigeria constructing bye-laws and ordinances is one of the indispensable factor responsible for Nigeria disintegrating built environment ( Ahianba et al. , 2008 ) . In the sub subdivision of this chapter, it holistically looks at Nigeria constructing bye-laws and ordinances with the position that if the jurisprudence is being purely adhere to, possibly, it will further better the gauge of Nigeria built environment and possibly, accessible t o all her people. The town planning regulations and Torahs are being violated, which resulted to improper planning of the environment.In the creative action mechanism of a reinforced environment, the issue of lodging is non an exceeding. Salama ( 2006 ) argues that lodging is the platform for the creative activity of life environment for boastful male and his family.it cater for his psychological and societal development. The issue of handiness in a adult male s house ca nt be overemphasized because lodging transcend the physical proportionality of shelter proviso for adult male but it encompasses the general environment within the edifice, which avail societal services and infrastructural services for optimal felicity of the utilizing public. Housing as a entire environment in which adult male lives and turn, should hold handiness characteristic included at the shekels of the architectural design and non improvised at building or usage phase. The handiness issue therefore corr elative between the quality of life and the quality of the physical environment in which 1s lives.Housing manakins in Nigeria digest over the old ages wear a enormous vicissitudes in content, signifier, wrench and spacial planning as a consequence of architecture.in our delicate planet, alteration is the lone changeless thing. This changes harmonizing to saad and ogunsusi ( 1996 ) have unerasable effects on the life styles of Nigerians and it therefore affects their orientation of the physical infinite. Housing as a consideration of cultural, societal and economic values of any society as to be given proper consideration of planning and governmental policy should be geared toward achieving a humane and antiphonal environment.Housing which is a signifier of shelter and a larger portion of any states built environment, is one of the basic necessity of mans being. Olotuah ( 1997a, 2002a ) argues that the insufficiency of lodging threatens the very footing of his beings. It enhance s the public assistance, societal engagement and productiveness of adult male. The linked Nation ( 1971 ) adopted that every citizens deserve an entree to adequate lodging without any hinderance whatsoever. The UN ( 1971 ) and by its indorsement in 1976 by 131 other states, was fag out of the fortunes of the demand to better the lodging criterion and insufficiency of the nations hapless bulk. Her cardinal purpose is the proviso of appropriate lodging within the economic range of the bulk of the public. Nigeria is a party to this accord but yet Nigeria authorities still finds it difficult to supply an enabling environment for lodging proviso, allow entirely an accessible lodging for her people. ( Olotuah, 2002a ) .The Nigerian authorities lodging programmes have non been able to fit the lifting public. It been left to the custodies of the mystic sectors. In Nigeria today, the private sector provide the majority of the lodging hackneyed which do non hold handiness characteristic because their designs are non socially point but net income oriented ( Olotuah, 2009 ) . For this ground vast of the public will non look out for handiness characteristics in the edifice, instead will see how the lodging stock could be increased to run into the high demand. It is the image of the research worker that every bit much as there is a diminution in the Nigeria lodging stock. Introduction of accessible characteristic in new designs and an effort to reconstruct bing constructions, will non incur an excessiveness cost of building but it will assist advance the United Nations ( 1979 ) acceptance. Furthermore, doing the Nigeria built environment friendlier and less discriminatory to the people of different capablenesss, which do hold their ain socio-economic values to the economic system of the state.The Nigerian designers have a great function to play in face-lifting of our reinforced environment. The quality of human home ground is a cardinal architectural issue in achiev ing a humane and antiphonal environment ( Olotuah, 2009 ) . The architectural design must be in such a manner that it improves the quality of the human environment through an orderly development of the human environment.