You choose the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

You choose the takings - Essay ExampleThe governments that exist today and related organization like the United Nations have attributed their representative tastes from the theories of John Winthrop and Thomas Hobbes. In Social Contract, Hobbes states in his Second Law of Nature that preservations are self-sought communally and rationally. Winthrops Model of Christian Charity comes step forward with several rules that are necessary for carrying out versatile activities. It is through the ideas of the two renowned scholars that the ideals of democracy have been adapted.In Hobbes account of the widely respected land of human psychology, he illustrates the first law of nature (Fabre 32). The rule states that human beings are forbidden from carrying out acts that can destroy their lives or take away the means of preserving the very same lives. He march on explains that self-preservation is sought rationally through a communal agreement (Fabre 34). It is, therefore, natural for indi viduals to give up on some freedom or liberty so as to attain the security of self-preservations. From this, Hobbes comes up with a concept that amicables organizations and political settings that are present today are anchored on or pay lots emphasis on them. The condition that forces individuals to give up rights at the expense of collective security is termed as a social contract.Contract emerges from the mutual transfer of the rights (Fabre 12). Nature has it that all are entitled to everything. at that place should be no limits to the right of natural freedom or liberty. So when individuals agree to transfer these rights to freedom, the social contract is achieved. In the place of natural right, a limited right comes in, for example, the right to property (Lijphart 45). check to Hobbes, these agreements are not made only because one is raised in a more accomplished society that has rules and conventions (Fabre 11). It is, therefore, by performance throughout experimentation s regarding state of nature and adhering to the

Public sphere in Australia today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Public sphere in Australia today - Essay Example lour subaltern starts at the 7th or 8th category and continue throughout the 10th course of study of education. The 7th during 9th years of education are known as preparatory years. Towards the end of the 9th year, assimilators may demand to abandon naturalise or to continue to the 10th year. During the 10th year of education, students may abandon aim with a School Leaving Certificate (SLC), in many situations provided by the individual school.Upper secondary consists of the 11th and 12th years of education. Instead of leaving school upon conclusion of the 10th grade, students may consider on for two extra years of education, upon conclusion of which students also get a SLC, provided by the school or by an external examining authority. Once attended almost exclusively by students going to university study, an change magnitude number of Australian students, irrespective of their plans for advanced study, are attaining the whole 12-year term.While some time ago, pro and scholastic secondary schools were mostly distinct institutes, the majority public secondary schools in Australia at usher are comprehensive high schools Such schools go programs both for university-bound students and for students who intend to do different jobs afterward leaving school or who will take up postsecondary technical or professional education. A number of public schools, on the other hand, maintain to offer only educational, college-introductory programs for students who are registered to the optional programs. close to advanced secondary schools offer agricultural or other education. Nearly all the students in Australia master the 10th year of schooling and get a SLC. The number of students who carry on to the 12th year of education is about 71 % of all students all over the country in 1991. The majority of unfledged students in Australia are registered in some kind of kindergarten program, although attendance is not obl igatory. Nearly all states offer a pre-Year 1 program, and both the government and private agencies offer other pre-school activities for the two years in front the commencement of Year 1.School Governance & Finance In each Australian state, the education clay is extremely centralized. The Education Ministry and a Director-General of Education administer the educational system. Of late, nevertheless, there has been a growing lean to decentralize several organizational functions from the state level towards the local level. Governance The ministry of education exercises extensive top executive over schools all over the state. The states develop policies in the fields of schooling and teacher enrollment, teacher service, student registration, program content, course authorization and student appraisal. The education ministry hires and employs the teachers in government schools, construct buildings, equipment and materials, and grant bonus for utilization by schools. Hence almost a ll

Seeds of the Peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Seeds of the peaceableness - Essay ExampleHe is of the opinion that if Palestine and Israel join hands then they can to a fault become one of the dominant powers of the world. As both the sides have an efficient and effective workforce. All they posit is the clear direction towards the achievement of common goals. Israeli people associated with Seeds of the peace are of the opinion that war machine action is not the way to bring peace in the region. They admitted the particular that Israeli army is not the representative of the thought and feelings of an ordinary Israeli person.After surfing through the videos related to the Seeds of the Peace depict it can be inferred that the youth of Palestine consider themselves as a suppressed nation. Majority of the Palestinian participants have highlighted the fact that their families are at the mercy of Israeli Army. They can kill their loved ones at any time and at any place without having any reason. Therefore based on this honoring i t can be concluded that there is a great residue of hatred always in inside as they are born with it as well as grew up with it (Peretz iii).Palestinian participants wait too depressed with the situation prevailing in their areas. Most of the participants are of the opinion that after Yasir Arafat they did not find any leader who can project the problems of the region in front of the world in and efficient and effective manner. Palestinian also cleared their point of view regarding the suicide bombing. They suggested that although it is a reaction towards the action of what has been done by the Israeli army however they still do not stay the killing of innocent. By analyzing the thoughts of Palestinian participants it can be inferred that the young generation of Palestine has realized the fact that Israel is also a reality. Therefore they can not deny the existence of such a medium-large group prevailing in the region. Christians, Muslims and Jews can live together like they in any opposite part of the world.Seeds of

Eros Plus Massacre by Yoshishige Yoshida Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

concupiscence rundown Massacre by Yoshishige Yoshida - Essay ExampleAs a breakthrough from an orthodox filming tradition during the 60s, Yoshida utilized a technique of combining the intricacies of history and art in a craft which exposes the constitution of sexuality in its portrayal of the central purpose in designating characters according to gender traits. For one to analyze the film fully, one needs to examine how it had been created by the New Wave movement in the illuminance of blending formal with political radicalism. Essentially, if the concept of formal radicalism must be present in opthalmic arts as in film, it would be expected to project the opposite of an embodiment which otherwise serves as the typical function of an art piece. In Eros Plus Massacre, the art as it occurs in the perception of the audience seems to be formally radical as it shapes itself into the form that could be understood quite an less figuratively for the lack of conspicuous representation. While the film may be observed with components that beseech a viewer to invest in depth of psychological insight, the analogies between the past and the present thematic characters make no representative meaning of each other yet they bear reflexivity to an issue that the art communicates back to itself in the attempt to allow comprehension of its main thrust. To fulfil the objective of a formally radical work, hence, director Yoshida brings the fragmented memorial technique to proceed as shooting of replacing sequences in which the life of Eiko, being a liberated young woman with a circle of lovers in contemporary period, is patterned after the life of Sakae Osugi, an anarchical male figure who, during his conservative time, is known for his philosophical system on absolute freedom when it comes to love and sex relations. In a conventional approach, Eiko could befuddle visualized a more natural role where, instead of knowing about Osugi, she could be made to fit his lifest yle as an independent entity whose kind or composition embodies that of him. This, however, is non the case since the formal radicalization of the narrative conveys both lives as intertwined for Eiko assumes the position of a researcher in pursuit of studies regarding Osugis socio-political principles and way of living. So, in this manner, her quest of identity based on a strong character of the past renders for her a smell of self-awareness at the time being. The viewers are hereafter bent to realize that the personal exploration of Eiko depends not solely on the pure nature she is in the absence of external influence, but on her ageless social relations and passionate interest on learning from the lives of Osugi and Noe Ito. Apparently, in Yoshidas filming process, Eros Plus Massacre leads the audience to understand that the theme of the drive picture becomes increasingly attached to the intimacy of the character in dramatic view which then makes the film self-aware as it shi fts the sight and heart of viewers between private and social dimensions. One such stimulating scene in which this has materialized is when Eiko, in focus, touches herself in the shower and the tracking shot from top to bottom of her glass-covered wet body mobilizes her erotic caprice through a couple of supposedly invisible male hands in fondling motion as though they were actually upon her skin. As a critical viewer during the film watch, I have

Nursing Care Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nursing Care Plan - concession ExampleThe longanimous role is left to recuperate and fewer visits by close relatives are allowed in the runner few days. A nurse is close at hand to administer medicines and monitor BP and pulse rates, and for each other emergency needs.The condition of the patient is stable. The operation has been successful. Muscle strength reduces considerably during the first few days post-operation. Enteral feeding was resorted to as the patient is aged and relatively weak as a result of her advanced years (Watters, J.M. et al).Self care is not possible due to the performance. All cleanup position and other hygiene based activities have to be carried out with the help of nurses. Self care dearth may also result due to inabilities related to muscular impairment, energy deficit, pain, anxiety, and decreased motivation (Nursing Diagnosis).The leaf node is not in position to administer self-care. All post-operative care must be carried out by nurses. The pati ent is weak and immobile due to surgery. There is no way the patient can be expected to move or make attempts to move during the first few days post-operation.The nature of the surgery on the patients femur which is centimeral part of the functions of the human body makes it well nigh impossible for the patient to attempt lawsuit during the first few days of the surgery.All activities connected to the patients movement must... The nature of the surgery on the patients femur which is central part of the functions of the human body makes it well nigh impossible for the patient to attempt movement during the first few days of the surgery.InterventionsAll activities connected to the patients movement must be coordinated with the assistance of nurses. The patient is totally dependent on nurses to help with any movement exercise because of the surgery and also because she is advanced in years. The patient may be gently coaxed to some movement involving her hands. The movement of hands and face will help provide some relief from the overall restrictions in mobility.EvaluateConstant follow up with the patients temperature, BP, pulse rate, medication, and other organic symptoms such as functions of the heart, liver, intestines, etcetera is necessary in order to hold in speedy recovery. The patient is not suffering from any sickness other than the surgery involving her femur. Her BP is, however, high and it is obvious that it was under affirm during surgery and is kept under control post-operation.Impaired Skin IntegrityPlanPeriodical cleaning of the disrobe with antiseptic is necessary to ensure patient is hygienically in good shape. Advanced age coupled with surgery raises the risk of skin impairment. There must be good plan in place to keep the immediate surroundings clean. The clothes and dressing of the patient must be changed are regular intervals. Client OutcomeThe discussion following the days after the surgery is critical to ensure fast recovery. The client is almost cent percent dependent on nurses to do all post-operative care including those required for prevention against skin breakdown. variety of bed sheet, pillow covers, etc. must be carried

Discuss the Relationship between form and function in the Seagram Essay

Discuss the Relationship between form and function in the Seagram Building, the Guggenheim Museum and the George Pompidou Center - rise ExampleIt was designed as the headquarters for the Canadian distillers Joseph E. Seagrams & Sons (2007).The International Style in which this expression was constructed was extremely influential on American architecture, one of its chief traits being to externally articulate the structure of the building. Mies precious the structural elements of the building to be visible.This was not practical because of the American fire codes that required structural steel to be coated with fireproof material, so Mies used non-structural bronze-toned I-beams to suggest structure instead. These are visible from the away(p) of the building, and run vertically, like mullions, surrounding the large glass windows. Now, observers look up and see a bogus and tinted-bronze structure covering a real steel structure. This method of construction using an interior str engthen concrete shell to support a larger non-structural edifice has since become commonplace. The interior was designed to learn cohesion with the external features, repeated in the glass and bronze furnishings and decorative scheme. (Wikipedia 2007).Two of the most interest design features of the Seagram building involve the window blinds in the building itself and the Plaza just outside. Mies disliked the topsy-turvy position of window blinds at various heights, so he designed the blinds in the building to get fully open, fully closed, or halfway. This allowed the building to keep its orderly form without losing too much function. Mies never intended the area in front of the building to become a gathering place for people, however it did nonetheless. The Plaza is another function of the Seagram Building, as is the Four Seasons Restaurant (Wikipedia 2007).Guggenheim MuseumOne of the best-known museums in juvenile York City is the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, or as it is most commonly known by the locals, The Guggenheim. It was founded in 1937 and serves as a location to house and display modern artwork. Frank Lloyd Wright designed the new and current building in the year 1959 (Wikipedia 2007). The distinctive building, Wrights last major work, instantly polarized architecture critics, though today it is widely revered. From the street, the building looks approximately like a white ribbon curled into a cylindrical stack, slightly wider at the top than the bottom. Its appearance is in sharp contrast to the more typically boxy Manhattan buildings that surround it, a fact relished by Wright who claimed that his museum would make the nearby Metropolitan Museum of Art look like a Protestant barn (Wikipedia 2007).As far as form is concerned, the viewing gallery within is comprised of a spiral. The downside to its bang is that the design takes away from the artwork that is displayed. Also, the exhibit areas are difficult to hang paintings in. Although the rot unda is generously lit by a large skylight, the niches are heavily shadowed by the walkway itself, leaving the art to be lit largely by artificial light. The walls of the niches are neither vertical nor flat (most are piano concave) meaning canvasses must be mounted proud of the walls surface. The limited space within the niches means that sculptures are generally relegated to plinths amid the main spiral walkway itself. Prior to its opening,

Stragetic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Stragetic Management - Case Study ExampleIn the long run, they have to convert the home run switchers into their own brand loyal. To meet this objective and to retain the loyal customers, relationship market is believed to be of large help to firms. The effective use of CRM will ensure customer loyalty and convert them into lifelong consumers of the product. CRM is unmatchable among the many steps of customerization. The focus of CRM is to establish relationship with customers on an individual and personalized basis and then(prenominal) to treat different customers differently based on their expectations. CRM is the key to success in the set geological era and it has become the order of the day that customers are given personalized charge and only those organizations ignore make headway who have been able to build a base of their loyal customers. As per estimate, the cost of affecting a bare-assed customer is five times more in comparison to making an existent customer h appy. In the present report, an attempt is made to prepare a CRM plan and discuss how effectively it can be used to attain more customer base and support. Parcel Force Industry, a U K based parcel social club is the firm discussed in the report.Parcelforce Worldwide is a leading provider of guaranteed express deliveries. The company has been serving it loyal customers for over 14 years, which provides a vital link for British businesses needing to send express shipments internationally and in the UK. Parcelforce Worldwide is the trade name of the Royal Mail Group. The company is being driven by its commitment and dedication to serve the customers by delivering the risque quality work for over 30,000 customers across the country. Over the years there have been many changes in the companys environment- internally, externally and internationally. some competitors have come up by posing threats and thereby prompting the company to deliver high quality services to the customers. Over the last few years parcel industry in the U K has been transformed into a stage where the customers have many choices to get their goods/ materials reached the desired points. This competitive daub made the company to rethink about its approach of marketing and attitude towards consumers. Now the company is mental strain to attain more loyal customers by delivering high quality services at fair and sound price.Executive SummaryBecause of the development in the parcel industry in the UK and mushrooming of many new players, the business of existing players including Parcelforce worldwide has been affected drastically. Moreover, the switch over of firms from conventional product oriented approach of marketing to customer oriented approach has compounded the situation worse than ever before. Companies have realized that those with less attention to customers are likely to lose customers and eventually lose business. This tendency among the major players tempted them to adopt a new a pproach of marketing. They have been, rightly mentioned, forced to change over to more customer-centric marketing strategies. In this context, the present report examines how Parcelforce Worldwide can introduce Customer Relationship Management as its new marketing strategy. The report further addresses various key issues that the firm should take care of in the implementation of CRM as a

Diplomatic history of the us since 1914 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Diplomatic biography of the us since 1914 - Essay workoutMany ammunition manufacturing corporations sprung up in the United States to meet this demand. The only way such a large industrial base could survive is by creating more demands for ammunition, combat vehicles, etc. The military assiduity in America is so big that they can sway and influence the decisions taken in the decision maker branch of government.In effect, since the conclusion of the Second World War, the United States had seen a virtual war economic system. Such an economic system can only thrive in an atmosphere of international focus and hostility, which is a bad result for humanity at large. Eisenhower was a shrewd statesman and an admirable draw (in the capacities of a General and a President). He still this nexus between the weapons manufacturers and its employers in the American military. Eisenhower understood the vicious nature of this symbiotic relationship between a government agency and a mercenary enterprise and warned his citizens to be wary of its consequences. In other words, he cautioned his fellow countrymen to mobilize themselves in bridle this negative development in post war America. Looking back at the recent history of American military intervention across the globe, one cannot stop wondering if those were the manifestations of Eisenhowers nightmares. Furthermore, the general differ and disapproval that the United States attracts in the third world countries is another indication of the military-industrial complexs existence. Whats ironic about this message from Eisenhower is the fact that he himself was part and parcel of this military-industrial nexus.During the early months of 1962, hordes of demonstrators took to the streets in hold out against the social and economic policies of the Guatemalan government headed by General Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes. The protesters were also disappointed with the level of depravity and election malpractices under the leadership of General Fuentes.

Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Public form _or_ system of government - Essay ExampleHowever the process of development of policies can be initiated by any of ministers departments, think of tanks, parliament, general public, cause bases, media, academic experts, party groupings, extra parliamentary parties, prime ministers and cabinet.There are players in policy making who are consulted while formulating policies such as civil servants, key pressure group leaders, outside experts for an outer perspective about the problem and concerned ministries for their approval and ideas.There are ii approaches to policy making, one is top-down approach and another is bottom-up policy making. Top-down policy making, involves verbal expression of policy taking place from higher levels of political system and then(prenominal) those policies are communicated to the sub-ordinates who are then held responsible to make sure that the execution of those policies is done in the right manner. This approach is also referred as the concept of core executive (Health Knowledge, 2011). For example, bottom-up approach of policy development whitethorn have a sequence likeAnother approach that is bottom-up approach to policy making which deals with development of policies acquire initiated from sub-ordinate level rather than higher levels as this approach believes in em top executivement of sub-ordinates and thus they own the power to reshape or change the policies thus policy may change during implementation. This approach recognizes policy readiness process as interactive process (Health Knowledge, 2011). For example, a bottom-up approach of policy formulation may have sequence likeThere are two views of about how evaluation is done, one is impressionistic and another is systematic. Impressionistic method of evaluation id the method of assessment based on overall quality. It is qualitative and subjective method of evaluation where the subject experts are requested to thoroughly examine

Case 1 paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Case 1 paper - Essay ExampleFrom the data in Tables A, B, C, E, F, and I, sufficient information was obtained to forecast revenue and cost for the business and for the Coors wholesale business being contemplated. abbreviation of the initial customer, the industry demand, projections in market sh atomic number 18, investments and costs, including a break-even analysis were conducted. The study concludes that Larry should take the opportunity to befool for the contract, and should not spend more than about $6,800 in availing of information from Manson.The principal problem which this analysis addresses is whether or not Larry Brownlow should apply for the Coors wholesale distributorship for a two-county argona in Southern Delaware. The determining criteria for this is will be the fixed and variable cost study and the break-even analysis at the end of discussion, but also considered are the targeted customers, industry demand, market share, investments, and costs incurred.The seconda ry problem is to determine which research would be source from Manson and Associates to jut a decision for the market potential of a Coors beer wholesale distributorship, but at the same age minimize the cost of acquiring this information.The industry demand is arrived at through the per capita onset and the taxes paid approach. The per capita approach involves the calculation of overall manipulation in the industry, based on the historical data on the consumption per person and the growth of the target segment of the population that consumes the product. In Table 1 below are shown the US and Delaware per capita (i.e. per head or per person) consumption, while Table 2 shows the growth of the population in the two counties which comprise the market area. By multiplying the rate of consumption per person in Table 1 with the identical number of persons estimated in Table 2, then the result (in Table 3) is the estimated entire consumption in units. This describes the total industr y demand for the

Multinational Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Multinational - Essay ExampleThis is why the biggest MNCs are all publicly possess corporations (Gerard, 2013).Some of the top 20 MNCs are rated in terms of revenues they generate. As figures indicate, majority of the biggest corporations are in the crude oil industry-no wonder, the constant increase in the prices of oil. However, out of top 10 corporations, some are in the automotive industry and consequently big oil consumers. The only retailer in the MNCs is Wal-Mart and this shows just how the oil industry is big business. Most of the fortune 500 companies are MNCs and majority of them are located or domiciled in the US, followed by China then Japan. Other countries such as France, Britain uprise trailing. MNCs must come up with systems and strategies so as to achieve all or some of their multinational business trading operations (John & Praveen, 2014).The globalizing economy is a constantly changing (however, non always stable) environment for doing business. Trade barriers have been falling and in the 1st 10 years of the 21st century, world trade amongst nations in goods and services develop quickly than domestic production. This means there is free flow of money across the borders of most countries, permitting corporations to discover for the best financing rates-and at the same time letting investors seek for the best possible returns-anywhere worldwide. whole of these procedures constitute what is referred to as globalization-a trend that has seen world economies become greatly interlinked and borderless. Corporations are no longer modified by their domestic borders and may operate any type of business activity any stance in the world. Thus to corporations, globalization means that they are most likely to source for their raw materials everywhere, do research and development everywhere and compete anywhere while producing their products at any given browse in the world. Globalization, however has come with its own challenges and is not a st andardized evolutionary process, meaning that not all

Attribution Theory and Its Relevance to Management Practice Essay

ascription Theory and Its Relevance to Management Practice - Essay sampleFor the growing importance of human resource and it aspects, the study will discuss upon the ascription theory and its relevancy to management practice. This is significant as it explains the way people argon being judged depending upon the attributes that are assigned to their behaviors. Attribution Theory An attribution is an informal explanation for behavior or for any event. The attribution theory illustrates that the come forthcomes and behaviors ultimately assist to form behavioral and emotional responses (Borkowski, N. Organizational Behavior, Theory, and Design in Health Care). The attributions that are casual in nature exert more stress on peoples apprehension for their successes and failures. Attribution theory establishes that every causal attribution have terzetto dimensions namely stable or unstable, internal or external and controllable or uncontrollable. Individuals who perceive that they ar e successful due to the 3 dimensions that are stable, internal and controllable factors, have a propensity to be extremely motivated and wherefore persist to be further victorious than those individuals with the alternative attribution styles. The attribution theory is a harsh cognitive theory of motivation that focuses upon the principles that present the casual attributes based upon present and future motivation and achievements (Penn democracy College of Engineering, Overview Attribution Theory). The attribution theory also determines the level or finds out the causes for the dissatisfaction. The theory of attribution for the behavior of dissatisfaction was developed by the social psychologist that explains how an individual uncovers the clarification or reasons for their behavior or effects (Hoyer, W D., Consumer Behavior). For the explanation of the behavior and actions there are three factors that influence the nature of explanation. These three factors are stability, foc us and controllability. Stability is the reason for the temporary or permanent event. Focus is the problem that is link up to the market or consumers. Furthermore, controllability is the event that is under the control of the marketers or customers. In general the customers are displease when the control is not under the customer, and when it is not customer related rather market related and perceive to be permanent in nature. With the assistance from the attribution theory, the marketers can be guided to deal with the authority and existing perception of customer dissatisfaction. Literature Review on Attribution Theory Heider was the starting signal to urge on a psychological theory of attribution, but Weiner and his colleagues framed a theoretical structure that had turned out to be a major research model of social psychology. The attribution theory was developed from the theories of Fritz Heider, Keith Davis, Edward Jones and Harold Kelley. Fritz Heider was the first person to write about attribution theory in his book The Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships in the year 1958. His writings have played a vital role in the commencing and explanation of attribution theory (Heider, Psychology of Interpersonal Relations). Harold Kelley theory has focused upon the model of satisfaction. He has described in his thesis about the satisfaction and dissatisfaction causes of the human beings.

Around the World in 80 Days & Brave New World Essay

about the initiation in 80 Days & Brave New World - Essay ExampleThe advancements that be made in the field of medicine in Huxleys book as well as its concepts standardization in educational matters present radical similarities to the modern European society as well. These congruenceis ar elucidated by Sir Ken Robinson in his discussions on education. Through these scholastic perceptions, it is clearly seen that the book is a dangerously correct prophesy of technologys capability to control the society, and how this control is silently bringing a change to the values, goals, and moralities, of the European culture (Huxley, 1998).The main themes that are prevalent throughout the Brave New World book, are centered around economic and industrial systems, and how the new technology has influenced the developments of these themes to completion. The societys genius is that the progress that is made through invention is the key goal of mankind. Productivism and Consumerism are the mean ing of life in Huxleys industrial ideal place. The consumerist goals of the nation can be obtained by hypnopaedia proverbs that are demonstrated by quote from the book that states that old clothes are beastly and that old clothes are eer thrown away. It is better to end rather than to amend (Huxley, 1998). These phrases are found in page 54 of the book. It further appeared to be understood that the technological process engine operated most efficiently when individuals are considered of, not as Gods children or indeed as citizens but as users, this is found on page forty-two. This facial gesture explains with pinpoint precision how the society of Huxleys operates. Those in the society are no longer impelled to believe in god, but rather believe only in the consumption principles (Huxley, 1998).The weaker ranks in Huxleys community are simple workers who comprise large numbers of drones and one-task intellectuals. The key to the structure of the economy is the masses

Toyota International Corporation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Toyota International Corporation - Research Paper ExampleThe reason behind their advantage is the deployment of strategic planning throughout the years since 1937. They focus on a more than efficient homosexual resource by understanding the individuals who possess several unique capabilities. Toyota is head quartered in Japan and operates 75 manufacturing companies in 28 countries around the world (Toyota in the world, 2010). Toyota has set up its food market in more than 170 countries with a 320,000-strong workforce. The follow was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda by renovating his father automobile manufacturing company Toyota Industries. The company operates its line of work at its full swing starting from Japan and throughout North America, The Caribbean, Latin America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. The annual deal of the company shows that even though there is a slight decrease in the production, the company allow manage to survive the declining economy with the expected sales turnover. 2. Types of market and legal systems Toyota formulates marketing strategies based on the social, environmental, and economical conditions of each voice where the company operates its business. The legal system of the particular country or region is also taken into consideration before implementing marketing policies in the specific country. In 2004, as Gale (n.d.) points out, Toyota in Europe was in a quandary as new environmental friendly vehicles were in game demand when the administration implemented environmental regulations it was necessary to train the staff with the new technologies of the advanced vehicles. The company integrated the three important elements marketing, sales, and manufacturing to overcome the problem in Europe. The marketing strategies in China and US were seen successful in 2005 when profits rose up against the worldwide automobile industry trends. When entering into the market of another country, almost all companies are faced with the f inancial risk of exchange rate variances cod to interference of the legal and governmental systems. The legal proceeding of the foreign markets must be clearly analyse before investing in that market. Toyota is noted well for its management in the international markets. The company procured a considerable market in the unite States by initially bringing inexpensive vehicles. Later on, it widened the markets and spread out its share in the U.S. automobile market. To overcome the market issue of dollar exchange rates, Toyota introduced manufacturing facilities in the United States. 3. Political Risk One of the major political risks that the Toyota motors faced was the backlash against Ameri backside corporations. It imposes increased parameters on different production levels and on nationalization of its products. This change can influence the operations of the company. The political changes can positively and negatively affect the firm. By the end of 2006, Toyota manufactured 1. 5 million cars in North America, and had to import an additional 1.2 million cars (Toyota). While being costly, the high reliance on imports poses political risks in the United States. Managing political risk in the international market is not an easy task. While the political changes contribute direct risks to the firm, the politics also constitutes other external risks. In order to overcome these kinds of executable political risks, Toyota can set up strong relations with various trade organizations. At the same time, the political consultant must make sure that the firm builds up a strong kind with the governments also. In

Major point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Major point - Essay Exampleession especially after(prenominal) training has been accomplished, for instance a child taught and graduated in medicine to become a reanimate has no point in time that children can think of training again in fix to become an athlete.In this context, school children are taught on how to be morally upright but absolute majority of parents in the United States are concerned by the morality of their children because they do not practice it at home which is in contrary to what is expected of them. This shows that teachers in school only teaches but does not curb that what he taught is practiced by the children. In addition, It has also been observed that children who performs better in school and get wind good grades are unable to solve basic problem. This is especially true if the problem they were solving is depraved in one way or another (Taylor 153). This shows that children acquire intellectual knowledge alone in the school and if children are onl y academically equipped then there are going to be ill-equipped in the society since Schools teach children to solve a problem by use of statute whose behavior can be controlled and be predicted. When these children finally graduate they expect to solve liveliness problem using economys in their area of profession. However, not all those who graduate eventually get jobs and to apply these formula in real situation and therefore, end up becoming frustrated in their lives because they cannot cope up with challenges of life in the real world.In whatsoever cases what the school teaches the children is not connected to his future, for example some topics in school syllabus are not relevant in the children life e.g. solving a matrix question, most children will not make use of this learnt knowledge this topic only makes them intellectually knowledgeable but when it comes to life, they will not have knowledge in solving real life issues and challenges that face them.It also noticeable that school is not connected to the feature of the children, this is

Incident Response Essay Example for Free

Incident Response EssayAny internet lowlife be subjected to security compromise. There is no amount of coding or access check that can ultimately prevent an firing to a electronic network. However, there is a need for any musical arrangement to ensure that their networks ar safe and their incidence resolutions are potent. There are many tactics and tools that are employed by aggressors to evade any undercover work by the investigation or incidence response teams, remain anonymous and to avoid attracting any attention by looking like normal users. If this fails, the fighter has the ability to degrade the system to make investigations more complicated. It is also important to argument that the aggressers are incessantly technic entirelyy more advanced than the security staff managing the network security monitoring systems and in round cases may be more sophisticated than the investigators (Mobrien, 2003). There are a many tools that are acquirable to intruders tha t can be used to penetrate the network security monitoring systems.These tools are available in the internet including vulnerability of different software and how to develop programs that can penetrate networks. Other than being pronto available, these tools are becoming increasingly easy to use making it possible for anybody with basic completeledge to be able to attack a computer network. Some of these tools include programs such as remote discernment and local penetration that can control a computer in the network without any authorization, network and vulnerability scanners, password crackers and sniffers (Mobrien, 2003).The attacker employs different tactics to promote anonymity. This is by using all means to separate all possible ties between the computer to which the attack is directed and the computer in which the attack is launched. This can be done by first compromising a system that is therefore used as a stepping stone, forging the IP address (spoofing) or using a se rvicing providers netblock. He can also remain anonymous by launching the attack from a trusted host who may be a close business associate or exploiting the vulnerability of the client rather than the server.To frustrate any investigation or incidence response to the attack, the attack may prefer to use public intermediaries such as an IRC channels. Rather than trying to remain anonymous, the attacker may evade detection by providing false leads to the incidence response or investigation team. This can be done by properly timing the attack to ensure that the duration between probes is decent to confuse the investigators. Other methods of evading detection include distributing the attack or blocking the web defacer.Moreover, it is important to note that by the attacker appearing normal or a legitimate user of the system is an effective way of frustrating incidence response (Bejtlich, 2004). Although protecting the network from such sophisticated malicious attack is in many instances considered a trivial task, there are some incidence responses considerations that need to be incorporated in the network security monitoring systems. Some of these security measures include an intrusion detection system that detects an intruder in the network and strict security policies in the organization.The staff dealing with the systems moldiness also be well equipped with incident response handling abilities. The staff should be certain of when to inform the police or called emergency incidence response. The staff should also be able know when the network has been broken and the most appropriate measure to take. It is also suggested that administrators or consultants with high level of knowledge and experience in systems vulnerability and management should handle incident responses (Mobrien, 2003).

How did the two World Wars affect Africa and Africans Essay Example for Free

How did the two realism Wars affect Africa and Africans EssayThere were different implications and effects that were caused by the World War I and II to African and Africans as well. Many lives were lost and many were rendered useless. Though thither are a chance of things that were achieved during this period, there are others that brought about great problems to people. In 1940, German armies were motivated to believe that Africans were in exercise their enemies and there was a need to address the issue. With engaging in war with France, and France had several blacks in their army, they were the main target and they were being killed more than their white counterparts. German was fighting people who were below the Nazi, or who Nazi believed they were mutilating their colleagues (Raffael, 596). The effects of the war brought both the positive and negative effects to Africans and Africa as well. Nazi hierarchy had already begun to kill those who they thought were below their Aryan. This was a great suffering for Africans because they were being killed mercilessly. Even they are among their French counterparts, there was no African who was captured and imprisoned but instead they were killed.The other problem was that the Geneva regulations were not applicable to Africans. This was because, the Nazi rule and theory was that the rules were only applicable to the whites but not Africans, thus fosterage another effect to the African as they were killed without any word or anyone to defend them. Though there were some of the German militaries who were supporting Africans and reason them, those who were Nazified had not respect to Africans.This helped the African soldiers show their heroism as they were trying to defend themselves and in most cases being placed in the front line in the battle, they had to try their best and defend their combat. They believed that African culture believed that whenever an African gets his enemy, he would use coupe-coupe, wh ich was believed was a madly weapon compared to other short range weapons. They also believed that Africans were already on the attack positions and they would not falter attacking their rivals.They used this as a justification of killing Africans (Raffael, 600). In Africa, Africans had already learnt that there is nonentity special with the whites and there is nothing whites can do blacks cant do. Africans developed resistant powers and they were now defending their land against occupation by whites. Africans were fighting for freedom and independence. This was not going well with whites in europium as the information they were getting is that Africans are mutilating their people, raping their women and killing others.This brought about the justification of the Germans illegal activities of killing blacks and mutilating them This channelize became an ob- session of some German officers and soldiers and helped to justify the killings of black soldiers and the no-quarters policy in some battles with the (Raffael, 600). Most of the African Countries, though they had already suffered a lot, they had already started fighting whites and they managed to get their independence and have their own governments without of the compound rules.

Injustice Anywhere Essay Example for Free

In saveness Anywhere studyWhatever affects single directly, affects both indirectly. Hence in evaluator with one individual of a society bottom of the inning affect the life of otherwise individuals of the society. Before we make society sympathize the exigency of arbitrator in this es register lets starting line talk about what justice really is. Justice is the ideal, morally correct recount of things and persons. Justice is action in unison with the requirements of some integrity. Whether these rules be grounded in human consensus or cordial norms, they atomic number 18 supposed to correspond that all members of society receive fair under(a)writement. Justice is distinguished from other ethical standards as required and as, overwhelmingly important justice so-and-so be thought of as distinct from, and much important than, benevolence, charity, mercy, generosity or compassion. All of these things may be valuable, exactly they ar supererogatory rather tha n required. We need to know more than this we need to know what justice is, not nevertheless what it is not, and several answers to that problem pitch been proposed.. Justice is linked, both etymologically and conceptually, to the idea of justification having and giving decisive reasons for ones beliefs and actions.So, attempts to understand justice are typically attempts to discover the justification the source or basis of justice, and therefore to figure for (or disprove) its overwhelming importance. Justice becomes more essential for Muslim country like our due to the emphasis of Islamic teachings on justice. As it is said in Quran God enjoins justice and kindness, and giving to kinsfolk, and forbids indecency and abomination and wickedness. Surah Nahl 1690 Justice is perhaps the most important of the supreme values of Islam.In fact, it merchantman be said that the main purpose of revelation and the tasks of Prophets (alayhum salam) has been to establish Justice. Thus, on e of the early scholars of Islam has said that Where the signs of Justice pop and its face is shown in whatsoever way that is where the Law of God and His religion are found. Justice is the first principle of accessible life. It can be shown to govern all relations in life betwixt ruler and ruled, rich and poor, husband and wife, parents and children.In all our dealings, we are required to stand firmly for justice purge if it is against our own self and our kith and kin, for love too can engineer to injustice. O you who believe Be firm in justice as witnesses for God, even in baptisterys against yourselves, your parents or your kin Surah Nisa 4 135 And if you bound your word, you must be just, even though it be against your kin, and fulfill the covenant of God. For that is what He has commanded you that you may remember. Surah Anam 6 152 The fear of committing injustice may even prevent the doing of an act that is otherwise permissible.In fact one of the derived principles of the Shariah is that all permissible things are permissible provided that no damage or harm results to others from their radiation pattern and that in the event that such damage or harm is -suspected or confirmed, the permissible shall be out(p) to avert such damage or harm. Issues of justice arise in several different spheres and mutation a significant role in causing, perpetuating, and addressing conflict. Just institutions tend to instill a sense of stability, well-being, and rejoicing among society members, while comprehend injustices can lead to dissatisfaction, rebellion, or revolution.Each of the different spheres expresses the principles of justice and up remunerateness in its own way, resulting in different types and concepts of justice distributive, procedural, retributive, and restorative. These types of justice bring important implications for socio-economic, semipolitical, civil, and criminal justice at both the national and international level. Distributiv e justice, or economic justice, is concerned with giving all members of society a fair share of the benefits and resources available.Fair allocation of resources, or distributive justice, is crucial to the stability of a society and the well-being of its members. When issues of distributive justice are in ablely addressed and the item to be distributed is highly valued, intractable conflicts frequently result. Procedural justice is concerned with making and implementing decisions according to fair processes that ensure fair treatment. Rules must be impartially followed and consistently applied in order to generate an open decision. If people believe procedures to be fair, they will be more likely to accept outcomes, even ones that they do not like.Implementing fair procedures is central to many dispute resolution procedures, including negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and adjudication. Retributive justice appeals to the notion of just dessert the idea that . people deserve to be treated in the same way they treat others. It is a retroactive approach that justifies punishment as a response to past injustice or wrongdoing. The central idea is that the offender has gained unfair advantages through his or her behavior, and that punishment will set this unstableness straight.While it is difficult to give a complete and adequate definition of justice, most observers can spy clear examples of secure injustice when they arise. much(prenominal) injustice comes in various forms, wherever the norms of distributive justice, procedural justice, or human rights are violated. Political injustice involves the violation of individual liberties, including the denial of voting rights or due process, infringements on rights to freedom of speech or religion, and inadequate protection from cruel and unusual punishment.Such injustice often musical themes from unfair procedures, and involves political systems in which some but not others are allowed to incur voice and rep resentation in the processes and decisions that affect them. This sort of procedural injustice can contribute to serious brotherly problems as well as political ones. If voting or litigation procedures, for example, are perceived to be unjust, any outcome they produce is liable to be unstable and produce conflict. In addition, any procedures that are carried out in a biased manner are likely to contribute to problems of phantasmal, ethnic, gender, or race discrimination.When the procedure in question has to do with employment or wages, such issues can lead to serious economic and social problems. The highly-publicized ravishment case of Mukhtaran Mai, in any case referred to as Mukhtar Mai or Mukhtaran Bibi, highlights the Pakistani political relations shortcomings in dealing with violence against women and its persecution of scandalize victims. In 2002, Mukhtaran was sentenced to be gang violate by a tribal council in the province of Punjab as punishment for her younger brot hers alleged affair with a woman from a powerful clan.After the initial trial, six men were sentenced to death for the gang rape, while eight others were acquitted. However, live June, the Punjab High mash overturned five of the convictions and reduced the sixth to a life sentence. Mukhtaran Mai received donations adding up to $160,000 from New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristoff s coverage of the case. Mukhtaran has used the money to open two schools in her village, a shelter for abused women and provide her village with an ambulance. When Mukhtaran was invited to the United States to talk about her case, the Pakistani government fearing hat she would malign the countrys image abroad denied her travel visa to the United States, and plantd her under bear arrest. Only -fallowing great international attention and pressure was the travel ban lifted. While Pakistans High Court suspended the acquittals of Mukhtarans rapists and will be re-examining the case, the governments lass itude in amending the Hudood Ordinances which place insurmountable obstacles for women to safely and successfully obtain justice in their rape cases foments an environment in which violence is perpetrated against women with virtual impunity.If women are unable to prove rape under the Hudood law, which requires four adult Muslim males to grant witnessed the crime or the confession of the rapist himself, thusly the victims themselves may be tried for adultery or fornication. Mukhtaran is not the only victim of our political injustice. According to press reports cited by the Pakistan Human Rights Commission, a non-governmental organization, more than 10,000 women are raped every year in Pakistan, although the real figure is thought to be much higher.As in all countries, women are often reluctant to report rape, for social reasons as well as doubt of the discriminative process. In Pakistan, there are additional legal barriers to pursuing a rape conviction. The rape law itself, o ne of the offenses of zina under the Hudood Ordinances, requires either the confession of the perpetrator or the eye-witness testimony of at least four Muslim adult male witnesses to the rape. If she is unable to prove rape, a woman who reports rape to the police is vulnerable to prosecution herself under the Hudood Ordinances for fornication if she is unmarried or adultery if she is married.In addition to these formidable legal barriers to the prosecution of rape, there have been several reports of police involvement in rapes and gang-rapes and of police protection of those accused of rape, particularly when they are from influential families. Women who have been raped are also at risk of honor killings, whereby a male relative kills them because they are thought to have attaint the familys name in the community by transgressing social norms, which is seen to include having been raped. It has been estimated that on average one cardinal honor killings take place each year in Pakis tan.Even the Pakistan Governments National Commission on the Status of Women has recommended repeal of the Hudood Ordinances on the effort that they are discriminatory towards women and not in accordance with Islamic injunctions. They are also contrary to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) , to which Pakistan is a party, and to the Constitution of Pakistan, which kingdoms at Article 25 that (1) All citizens are equal before law and are entitled for equal protection of law. (2) There shall be no discrimination on the basis of put forward alone. Crimes of honor are a pre-Islamic practice deeply rooted in the tribal societies of the North westernmost Frontier Province (NWFP) where Upper Dir is located, Balochistan province, as well as those of Sindh and Punjab where they are called karo kari. In these rigidly elderly communities, wives, daughters, sisters and mothers are killed for the least sexual indiscretion and upon the slig htest suspicion of adultery. Murders in the name of honor fall under the purview of the customary qisas and diyat law. Riddled with flaws, it makes prosecution extremely difficult.Activists have been urging the government to reform the law but a bill seeking to bolster secular law against honor killings, presented in fan tan last year, was defeated as un-Islamic. Drastic changes are needed, Rakshanda Naz, resident director of Aurat Foundation told IPS. The social mind-set, oddly the attitude of the courts, needs to change. Often the courts adopt a lenient view towards an accused on the grounds of grave and sudden provocation which is nowhere in the law, she added. Sections of the qisas and diyat law work to the advantage of the accused in the trial and appellate stages.Under section 309 of the law, an adult wall (legal heir) of a deceased could use his right of qisas (to forgive the accused). Similarly, under section 310, the offence of murder is make a compoundable offence and an y heir of a deceased could forgive an accused by compounding his right of qisas after receiving fee.. Since in most honor-related murders, either a husband or parents are the heirs of the slain woman and as the murder takes place in connivance with almost all the family members, they prefer to waive their right of qisas and pardon the accused.Each time, the judicial response has appeared to violate the basic principles of justice, activists observed. Uzma Mehboob, a womens rights activist, said no FIR was registered in a juvenile case in a remote hamlet in NWFPs Mardan district where a powerful property owner sprayed his daughter and driver, who had eloped together, with bullets. Economic injustice involves the states failure to provide individuals with basic necessities of life, such as door to adequate food and housing, and its maintenance of huge discrepancies in wealth.In the most extreme cases of misdistribution, some individuals suffer from pauperism while the elite of th at society live in relative luxury. Such injustice can stem from unfair hiring procedures, lack of available jobs and education, and insufficient health care. All of these conditions may lead individuals to believe that they have not received a fair share of the benefits and resources available in that society. Many scholars and activists note that in order to truly address injustice internationally, we must strive to understand its underlying causes.These causes have to do with underdevelopment, economic pressures, various social problems, and international conditions. Indeed, the roots of repression, discrimination, and other injustice stem from deeper and more confused political, social, and economic problems. It is only by understanding and ameliorating these root causes and strengthening civil society that we can truly protect human rights. Addressing political injustice is often a matter of developing institutions of fair governance, such as a responsible police force and jud iciary. Legislative action and executive decision-making should in addition be held accountable.Such measures are sometimes a matter of reforming state gt institutions or revising state constitution. In cases where some groups are excluded from political interlocking, the state can remedy violations of political rights by promoting political inclusion and empowering subordinate groups. Public decision-making should respond to the will of the citizens, and members of the society should have the opportunity to participate in the formulation, execution, and monitoring of state policies. In other words, a culture of political involvement and public participation should be fostered.In addition, there are various social structural changes that might give groups more social, economic, and/or political power. This is often accomplished through the strengthening of the economy and civil society in conjunction with democratization efforts. In some cases countries require outside assistance for election monitoring, nation-building programs and the development of governmental infrastructure to make their political system more stable. Addressing systemic economic injustice is often a matter of economic reforms that give groups better access to jobs, health care, and education.In many cases, lack of access to basic services stems from enormous inequalities in resource distribution. Redistribution of benefits and resources can thus- be an important component of social structural changes to remedy injustice. There are various institutional and economic development reforms that might be put in place to raise living standards and boost economic growth. In addition, by creating social and economic safety nets, states can eliminate tension and instability caused by unfair resource allocation. A central goal of responding to injustice is paving the way for future peace.Once conflict has ended and policies of conquering have been repealed, society members face the task of rebui lding their society. Many believe that measures aimed at restorative justice are well-suited for this task. Restorative Justice is concerned with healing wounds of victims and repairing harm done to interpersonal familys and the community. It can fiddle a crucial role in responding to severe human rights violations or cases of genocide. Huge advances are made when governments tell the truth about past atrocities carried out by the state. It is thought that true healing equires retentiveness the atrocities committed, repenting, and forgiving. War crimes inquiries and truth commissions can aid in the process of memory and truth telling and athletic supporter to make public the extent to which victims have/suffered. One of the tragic examples of restorative injustice in Pakistan is of the concomitant of taking away Masihs children away from him. According to the law, all parents in Pakistan including Christian parents such as the Masihs have the right to raise their children in their own faith. But the law isnt always followed in the Islamic state of Pakistan.Particularly when it comes to Christians. The girls were taken Jan. 25 by the familys landlady and her husband with police escorts. The couple contended that the children had converted to Islam and should no eternal remain in a Christian home. The Masihs maintain that their daughters are still Christians, no matter what anyone words, and that even if they did convert to Islam, they should stay with their parents. But 14-year-old Nadia, 11-year-old Nyla and 9-year-old Nabila are gone, and its unclear whether theyll ever be allowed to return home.The city magistrate overseeing the case admits he decided against the Christians not on the basis of law but on public ruling and a concern that he could have a ghostly riot on his hands. Legally speaking, they should have been given to their parents, says Kamran? Abdullah Siddiqi, leaning back in a cushioned chair in his office, where two build up police man sit against a wall. But Siddiqi says if he did that, Some crazy person would come and say these are the children of Islam. Theyd say were going to chop you. Were going to shoot you.Were going to what did the KKK used to say in America? lynch you. Article 36 of Pakistans Constitution promises to safeguard the rights and interests of religious minorities. But human rights organizations say thats not happening. The U. S. State incision agrees, citing a government-fostered atmosphere of religious intolerance that has led to violence against religious minorities. In Pakistan, 97 percent of the population is Muslim the rest is made up mostly of Christians but also of Hindus, Buddhists and other groups.Partly at the prodding of concerned American Christian groups, the U. S. Congress in front this month passed legislation requiring the president to take action against nations that engage in a pattern of religious persecution. In the 1980s, the United States gave Pakistan billions o f dollars for economic development. But in recent years, concern that Pakistan was developing a atomic bomb has prompted sanctions, slashing aid to the millions of dollars, most of it for humanitarian, food and counter narcotics efforts.Pakistans decision to test nuclear weapons in May further cooled US Pakistan relations. Pakistans pattern of religious persecution, documented for years in State Department reports, could lead to further sanctions. This is not the only case, there are still many stories but the need here is not just to highlight the stories but also to make sure these stories end up with the mess they have already poured in our Islamic society. Restoration often becomes a matter of comeback or war reparations.In cases where clear acts of injustice have taken place, some type of compensation package can help to meet the material and emotional needs of victims and remedy the injustice. Repentance can also help to re-establish relationships among the conflicting pa rties and help them to move toward reconciliation. In some cases, conflicts can end more peacefully when parties acknowledge their guilt and apologize than when formal war crimes adjudication or criminal proceedings are used. In cases of civil war, because the line between offenders and victims can become blurred, a central goal of peace building is to restore the community as a whole.Restoration often becomes tied to the transformation of the relationship between the conflicting parties. However, such restoration cannot take place unless it is supported by wider social conditions and unless the larger community makes restorative processes available. Many note that an adequate response to injustice must involve social structural changes, reconstruction programs to help communities ravaged by conflict, democratization and the creation of institutions of civil society. Only then can the underlying causes of injustice be remedied.

A Covenant in Biblical and Legal Terms Essay Example for Free

A compact car in Biblical and Legal Terms EssayThe goal of this contingent essay is to explain the various covenants in which the Bible mentions. This paper shall compargon the Biblical covenants with the efficacious covenants. interpretation Before the author of this paper can move forward unmatchable must first position what a covenant is. According to http//www.merriram-webster.com/dictionary/convenant it tells us this is merely a written promise/ stipulation surrounded by two or more parties. However, when referring to the Bible it is then personal because it is a promise between globekind and god. However, there is another delegacy of explaining the definition of a covenant according to (http//ehis.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=ab6d21cb-c8ea-436e-a5e8-5fcc2808a6c7%40sessionmgr112vid=6hid=23) Covenanting, a keyword in the ecumenical process of mutual commitment for justice, peace and the integrity of creation, is similarly a keywo rd in the biblical tradition. So central a tooshie does it occupy that Christians use the titles Old ordain (sc.Covenant) and New Testament (sc. Covenant) as summaries of the contents of the Hebrew Bible and the testimonies of the first Christian community.COVENANTS WITHIN THE BIBLEThe bible informs us of the many which appears to be eight. The Bible in like manner shows examples whereas idol makes these covenants not only with mankind but also individuals. TheseA COVENANT IN BIBLICAL AND LEGAL TERMSCovenants are also broken bug out into two different descriptions one being called a qualified covenant and the other being called an peremptory covenant.TWO DESCIRPTIONS OF COVENANTS1. Conditional covenant are the ones in which Gods promises He will always stand with man but man must also do his part and fulfill His laws and command which had already been ceremonious. 2. imperative covenants are basically showing Gods promises are granted and it does not matter what man will or will not do.The Bible informs us of eight covenants with the first covenant being called one autochthonous covenant also a conditional covenant given unto Adam and even by God who had to give them everything they would need in order to survive (Genesis 216-17). God did provide them with certain conditions for they had to heed His every command and if they did not then there would be consequences and curses would fall upon them as healthy as their future generations to come. Because of their downfall the second covenant which had come about is known as the Adamic covenant (Genesis316-19) and this one was considered to be an unconditional covenant because of mans fall and what mankinds life will not be like because of sin. The triad covenant in the Bible would be another unconditional covenant known as the Noahic Covenant (Genesis 91-18). This particular covenant tells us how God still reveals what His purpose is for mankind through Noah. not only this but also the prophecy of Noahs children in which showing the Messiah would come and the symbol/ postage stamp of this covenant was a rainbow. The fourth was the Abrahamic Covenant (Genesis chapters 12, 13, 15, 17, 26 28) for this is also an unconditional covenant because of the circumcision being the sign. In this God does have an agreement with?A COVENANT IN BIBLICAL AND LEGAL TERMSAbraham He would keep His Word. By this I mean within the Bible we see how God promised Abraham many blessings, posterity, a great nation as well as land. This covenant was basically to show mankind passim all generations to come everyone could still have the promised of God but that each individual must chase His Word. The fifth Mosaic Covenant located in the Book of Exodus (194-6) is to be considered a conditional covenant. For this particular covenant was given into Moses from God so he (Moses) could have or rather established a relationship with the people of Israel and God. This was an essay covenant to follow for all Go d wants is actually uncomplicated to keep the Sabbath holy. The sixth covenant known as the Deuteronomic Covenant (Deuteronomy 301-10) is unconditional as well as conditional unconditional with regards to the fulfillment of Gods command conditional because throughout every generation soulfulness will use the covenant and obey God.Although Israel is consistently shown or rather mentioned through the Bible it is also a way to show mankind how everyone will eventually see the return of even Israel blanket to the land (Earth).The seventh covenant known as Davidic Covenant (2 Samuel chapter 7) is a covenant of promise do from God to David everyone is guaranteed an everlasting throne. And the covenant which is the eight covenants is known as New Covenant (Jeremiah 31) and was established because God had promised a tonic covenant to the descendants of the ones whom He had originally given the Old Law Covenants and this new covenant was for Israel. But in general it also is basically t o be set forth with established Laws for the entire universe.A COVENANT IN BIBLICAL AND LEGAL TERMSLEGAL COVENANT LAWS end-to-end the Bible all of Gods Laws were legal in my eyes. For although the prophets were given the Biblical Covenants it was then beginning with Adam and Eve that legal covenants had already been established as well. The legal covenant is the basis for all of mankind to be able to repair what damage has been done prior to his or her entry into this world by this I mean one needs to recognize how powerful Satan and his deceptions can become but dare and keep God closer than ever before to their hearts. This will allow everyone to have a place with God and everlasting peace. In the Book of Hebrews it tells of how the laws were set aside (718 109) offering everyone hope, and how we beat with our Faith.God has given up His only son for everyones sins in order for all concerned to get the eternal kingdom of Heaven. Laws are also transformed in the way we apply them to become a part of our daily walk with God. For God also showed mankind how for every reaction there are consequences one will and must face. In other words if you break the law and Gods law you will be punished. According to http//www.berith.org/pdf/The-Covenantal-Structure-of-the-Bible.pdf Gods covenantal judgment upon Christ at the cross opened the way of salvation so that the human race (not every individual man, but the majority, the world) has been saved from Gods everlasting wrath.Also according to (Catholic Biblical Quarterly Apr2008, Vol. 70 Issue 2, p223-243, 21p) the long-standing traditional view is that the legal material of the Pentateuch presents the law that was authoritative and in force in ancient Israel and Judah. This material is believed to have contained the rules by which the society and the legal system operate.

Positive relationships with children Essay Example for Free

Positive relationships with children EssayDevelop electropositive relationships with children, five-year-old concourse and some others involved in their c ar. 1.1 rationalise why positive relationships with children and young people are key and how these are built and maintained. It is essential to build positive relationships with children and young people, as the quality of our relationships with children and young people will make a substantial difference to their behavior, achievement and overall wellbeing. There are dissimilar different ways to encourage children to have positive relationships with practitioners and other professionals as well as other children. Positive relationships are built on trust, for young people trust sum knowing someone believes in you and they feel they apprise confide in you in many different situations. 1.3 Evaluate knowledge effectiveness in edifice relationships with children and young people. I would consider my ego to be effec tive at building relationships with children and young people. I do this by* cosmos a positive role model* Being consistent* Showing genuine interest* Valuing separately individual efforts* By acknowledging and talking about feelings* melodic phrase to build positive self esteem* Provide a safe place when things get as well as much* Having a positive attitude* Providing a positive atmosphere* Being approachable at all times* communicating effectively* sharing information but maintaining confidentiality with other staff* having positive eye contact* acknowledging negative and positive emotions* sharing positive strategies that have helped with other practitoners* acknowledging positive behaviour* maintaining confidentiality* matching resources /lesson to meet each childs inescapably* providing a friendly, guarantee environment* respecting all individual needsTo maintain a positive relationship with children and young people, you have to show young people you are approachable. Communication skills are therefore influential. Showing children and young people positive behaviour is also live as positive behaviour encourages young people to have positive attitudes, which include manners and respect. This means that practitioners must be consistent in their moods and behaviour so reactions are predicable. Showing children you are a good listener and you understand in all situations helps with their confidence, giving them praise and encouragement encourages children to be positive.Valuing each Childs achievement helps them to feel they can experiment, fail and not be criticised. This helps with children and young peoples self esteem. Children and young people who feel valued are much promising to have higher self esteem and it is clear from research Weinberg (1978), that children who have high self esteem are more likely to fulfil their potential. Children and young people who have good relationships may find they can talk more openly. Further more children who feel someone believes in them are more likely to try harder.2.1 Explain why positive relationships with people involved in the care of children and young people are important. It is all important(p) as the practitioner to build and maintain a strong positive relationship with childrens fires/carers. As good relationships also benefit the quality of interaction surrounded by the setting and parents/carers. Where relationships are strong parents/carers are more likely to share information, make comments and take interest in what their Childs progressing at and support what areas of expediency maybe needed. This benefits children and young people enormously and helps practitioners to meet their Childs needs. Young people look at their parents reactions in order to decide whether or not to be apprehensive. Positive interaction (smiles, laughter) helps children answer in and feel relaxed.For staff and helpers positive relationships in settings mean that they can enjoy their wor k. Good relationships between staff are extremely important as during times of stress or difficulties other practitioners can share and support one another. Children and young people become aware of the atmosphere and relationships between running(a) staff and model their own behaviour on the way in which you treat each other. always respect others options. Everybody benefits from having positive relationships with others. Good positive relationships with parents/carers , colleagues and children are enormously important in early eld settings as they benefit everybody especially children and young people .This is because positive relationships create a welcoming, confidential and secure atmosphere. Which helps with all round child development.

Comparative Between Confucius and Daoism Essay Example for Free

Comparative Between Confucius and Daoism EssayConflict closedown Negotiation ( people 2011 take 4)111 enchant cite as confuse K. C. P. (2011) Confucianism Versus Taoism, Conflict Resolution Negotiation Journal, Volume 2011, act 4, p. 111 127 Confucianism Versus Taoism Prof. Dr. Patrick Low Kim Cheng Ph. D. hired Marketer, certain MBTI Administrator, Certified Behavioral Consultant/ Universiti Brunei Darussalam Associate, University of South Australia About the Author Prof. Dr. Patrick Low Kim Cheng, Ph. D.(South Australia), Chartered Marketer, Certified MBTI Administrator, Certified Behavioral Consultant (IML, USA), brings with him more than 20 years of combined experience from sectors as different as the electronics, civil service, academia, banking, military man resource development and consulting. His MNC and local embodied clients from ASEAN, Sri Lanka, Hong Kong, Bangladesh and Kazakhstan be in manucircumstanceuring, electronics, IT, retail, engineer service s, hospitals, hotels, banks financial institutions as well as the public sector.The once Visiting Professor, Graduate School of Business, Universiti of Malaya (Jan to Feb 2007), Prof. Dr. Low was the Deputy Dean, Postgraduate Studies Research, teaching in Universiti Brunei Darussalam (2009). He teaches the graduate students/ MBA in Organisational Behavior, Managing Negotiations, leading and Change Management, and the undergraduates in Leadership Basics, Challenging Leadership, Business and Society, Issues in Organizational Leadership, Organization Analysis Design and Organization growth Change.The former Associate Dean, Director of C atomic number 18er operate and Chair of the Management and Marketing Department of a University in Kazakhstan (2004 to 2006) focuses on humankind resource management and behavioral skills training covering argonas like duologue/ influencing, leadinghip and behavioral modification. An academician-practiti unrivalledr, a prolific author (author of twelve books including bestsellers (Strategic Customer Management, 2006, 2002, 2000 unity of Borders top decade in 2001/2, Sales Success, 2006, 2003 Team Success, 2003 and The Power of Relationships, 2001).His most recent books allow Successfully Negotiating In Asia (Springer, 2010) and electronic copy available at http//ssrn. com/abstract=1982271 Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)112 Corporate horticulture and Values Perceptions of Corporate Leaders of Cooperatives in Singapore (VDM-Verlag, 2009). A business coach, Prof. Dr. Low is the founder of BusinesscrAFT Consultancy and he previously served as an Examiner for University of South Australias DBA and Ph. D. bumdidates (2003 to October 2006) presently, he has been appointed as the supervisor for its DBA plentydidates. withal his experience in academia, training and consulting, Prof. Dr. Patrick Low has held positions in regional human resource development (HRD). He has been the Senior Training Manag er (Asia Pacific Region) in Standard Chartered Bank where he was credi iirthy for regional management training and development, marketing of HRD services and management succession. He potbelly be contacted at emailprotected com Confucianism Versus Taoism Abstract In this paper, the practiti nonpareil and only(a)r-academician makes comparisons and contrasts amidst the two great philosophical bodies (or oldest ghostlike traditions) of China, that is, Confucianism and Taoism.Among early(a) things, the key commonalities of Confucianism and Taoism include beingness in pursuit of the Tao, close to constitution and harmony, and taking the right actions are critical than mediocre the belief(s). The key differences are likewise examined here, and these, among another(prenominal)wise things, include human invigoration and spirituality, and filial piety and spirit as well as rites and beyond rites. 1 Introduction Confucianism and Taoism do non put one over a specific founder or date of founding, even though one of them (Confucianism) appears to be named after an individualistic, Kung Fu Tzu or Confucius in English.Confucius was born in 551 BC in China in what is presently Shantung Province. He lie withd during the Zhou dynasty, known for its ethical laxity. For Taoism, its texts include the Tao de ching (The Way of Power) which is retrieved to have been written by Lao Tzu. The text describes the nature of carriage, the bearing to field pansy and how a ruler should lead his keep. The Chuang Tzu contains additional teachings of Taoism. Franklin publishing governmental party www. franklinpublishing. salary Electronic copy available at http//ssrn. com/abstract=1982271Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)113 1. 1 Papers Aim And Objectives The aim and objectives of the paper are to make comparisons and examine the contrasts between the two great philosophical bodies (or oldest religious traditions) in China, that is, Confucianism and Taoism, and with that, it is hoped to logically get a better understanding of the two philosophical bodies. 2 2. 1 Commonalities Of Confucianism And Taoism In Pursuit of the Tao Both show that the non-religious state of existence is unsatisfying and non-harmonious.Instead, some(prenominal) Confucianism and Taoism stress on the pursuit of the Tao, and that the Tao is the ultimate. Similar to Shakespeares have more than thou showest, plow little than thou knowest, in Taoism, it is say that those who know do non speak and those who speak do not know. Tao, the first grounds, backside be roughly translated into English as path, or the modality, referring to a power which envelops, surrounds and flows through all things, living and non-living. Tao is the Oneness of anything Tao is always without a name and that it is the descent of heaven and earth.Tao can also be say to be the Absolute that it can be said to be the movement and a s workness without a beginning, Yin and Yang ( also known as Tai Chi) are things that can be said to be without a beginning (Cleary 2003, cited in Low and Ang, 2010 85 Wu, 1990 1). 2. 2 cozy to Nature And Harmony Both Confucianism and Taoism are close to nature, very much reflected in Chinese culture. roughly Chinese gates or traditional Chinese gardens dis trick a pair of lions, one masculine and one female. The female get lion, usually with its young, represents Mother Nature.From Confucius The Analects, Chapter VII measure 17, we learn that The Master used a fishing line but not a cable attached to a moolah, he used a corded arrow but not to shoot at roosting birds. Both Taoism and Confucianism suppose that the two opposing and complementary forces Franklin publish bon ton www. franklinpublishing. loot Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)114 (chi) of yin and yang should be maintained in a harmonious condition no matter what take they are operating on, such as uni poetize, nature, society, or an individual (Li, 1996).Everything leave alone be accomplished smoothly in a harmonious family, Confucius encouraged that internal harmony should also be prized as the gameyest observe within a family, erect as it is essential to the smooth functioning of a arranging at any other level. Both schools preach that humans put out in harmony with nature, and such a way is compatible with humankinds taking care of nature and the surrounding environment of the communities they live and work (Low and Ang, forthcoming Low, forthcoming).In Lao Tzus mind, the hoi polloi should be encouraged to embrace simplicity, diminish self interest and curbing ones desires (Tao Te Ching, Verse 49) in this way, one can thitherfore create a peaceful and harmonious environmental attitude towards volume and nature, and at that place is general happiness between and among all. Detaching ourselves and not getting caught with the great number of things in our mind, we also slow down, make attention t o our breathing, move slowly and deeply, and we reach new understandings virtually ourselves and the universe of discourse around us.In Taoism, peace istreasured (The best way of conquering an enemy is to win him over by not antagonizing him Tao Te Ching, verse 68 Wu, 1990 101). War is no nigh(a) and only results in deplorables of the pack rulers need to fancy and seek peace for his or her stack. With harmony, trade, business and profits can be make, and the countries make progress as the Chinese saying goes, Harmony grows profits (Hanyu Pinyin he chi sen chai). It can thus be said that the Chinese prize harmony above all things. A large part of Chinese literature is based on the idea of harmony (Tao Te Ching McDonald, 2009 Mitchell, 1995 Towler, 2002).For both Confucianism and Taoism, a sage is a mortal who is in total harmony with their initiation the world around them as well as the world within them. 2. 3 Wanting to Be Happy And universe Positive Franklin Publishi ng participation www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)115 One of the basic facts of life is that all of us involve to be happy. to each one of us does not wish to suffer and yet, suffering is a part of life, provided as happiness is. It can be interpreted that both Confucianism and Taoism, being positive, appear to urge plenty to pursue happiness.If we are negative, then we spend too much time searching for ways to eliminate suffering indeed so, we will also miss out much of the happiness that is possible in our lives. In Confucianism, with the Rectification of Names and roles fulfilled, a father does the fathers role, a mother the mothers role, the son the sons role and so on then there will be harmonious relationships and happiness. If there were peace, harmony and happiness in the family and since a nation is essentially made of families, then the nation would also enjoy peace, harmony and happiness.Confucius also highlighted t hat having an independent, truly calm, steady, down-to-earth mind and lovingness that one can avoid being swayed by the rises and falls, gains and loses of life. Free from worries and fears (Confucius The Analects, Chapter XII, verse 4), a person of high integrity and morality (a gentleperson, junzi) would be happy (s)he would sleep well. In these ways, one can thus be more or less, contented or happy. In Taoism, as in Yin-Yang, it is taken that the seed of suffering is inherent in each moment of happiness. In this way we should remain centered during moments of great happiness.In life, if we build our happiness on bare(a) things like erotic love, friendship, good health, and spirit, we can build a grit of happiness that will endure the challenges and changes that life gives us (Towler, 2002a http//ancienthistory. mrdonn. org/Taoism. html). Thus, in both Confucianism and Taoism call for people to live happily. 2. 4 Right Actions Are Critical Both generally see religious belief s as having less importance than religious practices. In fact, both Confucianism and Taoism stress on orthopraxy (right actions) over orthodoxy (right beliefs).Franklin Publishing fellowship www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)116 In The Analects, Book II verse 13, it is said that Tzu-kung asked some the gentleman. The Master said, He puts his words into action before allowing his words to follow his action. Low (2008 33) speaks of the message Confucius impresses on us is that As leaders, we need to act and behave as gentlemen. And what more, he has added that when virtue is practised, one enjoys a clear conscience (Low, 2008 33).Confucianism also stresses on humanism, and more importantly on the value of love and ruth (Low, 2010). In a persons personal conduct, (s)he is respectful. In his or her dealings with his or her staff, (s)he is thoughtful in caring for the common peoples welfare, (s)he is generously kind and in dealing w ith all, (s)he is equitable (Low, 2008). Like Confucianism, Taoism also stresses on compassion (a typical right action), underscoring the fact that weapons of war augur evil. unconstipated things seem to hate them besides, to achieve more for others, enlarge your nailt (Low, 2009 33).2. 5 Open And Continuing Canons Each does not have a closed canon, each continues to be interpreted, written and included in their single canons. However, unlike Taoism, familiarity with the Confucian canon was one of the main requirements of the civil service examinations in traditional China. 2. 6 No Fixed Religious Services But Anywhere At Anytime, It Can Be practised Interestingly too or in fact, very convenient, both have no fixed religious services and can be practiced anywhere, from shrines and temples to private studies and mountain peaks.Seen from this angle, there is much freedom and it is life and in living, praying and living in oneness (life itself is a prayer ). The good thing is that they are without rituals or strict conformity of attending masses or prayer sessions in fixed days as evident in some of the other major religions. Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)117 2. 7 Benevolence And Compassion Interestingly, Low (2008a 67) has highlighted that one of the classic leadership sins or mistakes is that of being callous to the needs of the others or lacking in empathy or worse, compassion.For both Confucius and Lao Tzu, leaders need to be benevolent. Low (2008b) has highlighted that the Confucian business owner/leadership, with its high task and high relationship, is seen as caring and the leader builds the bond with the employees. In the Confucian sense, being benevolent or kind, a feature of speech element of humanity, is an part of an individuals talents. Like Confucianism, Taoism also considers a worthy person as a benevolent person, and in the former, a benevolent person enjoys lon gevity (ren cher shou).Leaders need to be compassionate and empathetic. Both Confucianism and Taoism preach and stress on compassion. Compassion is, in fact, one of Lao Tzus third treasures (Low, 2009 Wu, 1990). Such a belief and action is particularly racy. And it is, in fact, excellent when it comes to leading people since the compassionate leaders practice servant leadership, desiring overall little or nothing for themselves, but empathetically showing and acting with care and concern more for the people and their needs (Low, 2010, 2009 2008).Figure 1 A List of Commonalities Of Confucianism And Taoism In Pursuit of the Tao Close to Nature And Harmony Wanting to Be Happy And Being Positive Right Actions Are Critical Open And Continuing Canons No Fixed Religious Services But Anywhere At Anytime, It Can Be Practiced Benevolence And Compassion Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)118 3 3. 1 The Key Difference s Human victuals and spiritualty Confucianism, on one hand, stresses on attaining Tao in human living. The writings of Confucius deal primarily with individual morality and ethics.(also see Low, 2008c Confucian ethics and business responsibility to the various stakeholders), and the proper exercise of political power by the rulers. Confucianism is not, properly speaking, a religion but it is more of a way of behaving so that one does the right things (http//ancienthistory. mrdonn. org/Confucius. html). Confucianism stresses on the Rectification of Names, and each needs to fulfill each persons respective roles and responsibilities. For Confucius, therefore, the superior man examines his heart that there may be nothing wrong there, and that he may have no cause for dissatisfaction with himself. (Doctrine of the Mean, Chapter XXXIII. , Verse 2, cited in Confucius, 1915). A Confucian thus believes that an enjoin society is what people should strive for. In that sense, it is more thi s-worldly, and is a way of life rather than a religion. Nonetheless, the wisdom of the Old Master can (still) help us to obtain spiritual happiness in the modern world, to get used to the daily routine of our lives, and to find the personal bearings that tell us where we are (Yu Dan, 2009 11). Taoism, on the other hand, focuses on achieving the Tao, basically on the spiritual aspects of life and it is other-worldly and can be considered as a religion.Some have, however, argued that Taoism is not a religion. Taoism is a philosophy, a way of looking at life and a way of thinking about things. Taoists believe if one looks at life and think about things in the right way, one will be much happier -http//ancienthistory. mrdonn. org/Taoism. html. This author however feels that Taoism stresses on the spiritual aspects of life and it is mystical too Tao can be talked about, but not the Eternal Tao, Names can be named, but not the Eternal Name.As the origin of heaven-and-earth, it is namel ess. As the Mother of all things, it is nameable. (Tao te ching, verse 1, Wu, 1990 1). It is also said that one of the head-twisty things about the Tao de ching is that it never specifically defines The Way. The book itself is a series of verses, poems, Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)119 and riddles, stressing on control but not dominance, fluidity but not ambivalence, and mystery but not confusion.Nonetheless, it is full of wise, helpful nuggets to assist human beings in living and attaining spiritual contentment examples include embrace simplicity, put others first. Desire little, and weapons are the bearers of bad news all people should detest them (Lao Tzu, Verses 19 and 31, Tao de ching McDonald 2009). To elaborate, one should live simply musical composition being healthily aware and refusing greed and lust. After all, as in the Chinese proverb, one should not add legs to the snake after one has f inished drawing it.And not to complicate things, simplicity indeed makes ones life easier, more convenient and pleasant. And next, all of us should value or treasure peace and harmony. Confucius The Analects, depending heavily on analogy and metaphor, is, on the other hand, very clear and concrete on attaining the way in name of human living, and for the overall good of humankind. For Confucius, there is to be good family living and peace and harmony as well as the attainment of good lodge living. For Lao Tzu, there is to be oneness with nature and the Universe or Heaven. 3. 2 Practicality And Esotericism.Confucianism is very practical, suited for pragmatic human living. In The Analects, Book XI, verse 12 Chi-lu asked how the spirits of the dead and the gods should be served. The Master said, You are not able even to serve man. How can you serve the spirits? May I ask about death? You do not understand even life. How can you understand death? For Confucianism, in business, inc orporated social responsibility (CSR) should always be there what is taken from the community is returned through donations, charity and other assistances rendered to the poor and needy.In his study, Low (2008c) has indicated that the Confucian Golden Rule and Confucian ethics in the scene of the stakeholder theory, showing how businesses can be ethical piece being caring and compassionate for its stakeholders. Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)120 In Taoism, the goal of each believer is to constrain one with the Tao, a force that flows through all life. The concept of a personified deity is foreign to them maybe there is the concept of an impersonal god.The practitioners do not pray because there is no god to hear the prayers or to act upon them believers seek answers to lifes problems through inner meditation and outer observation. In that sense, Taoism can be seen as esoteric, abstract or not easy to be understood. Taoists believe in the dichotomy of the universe, symbolized by yin-yang, but oneness is to be attained through inner meditation, balance and harmony. Taoist practitioners believe in nourishing life and the spirit by energizing or getting chi (energy), meditating and being in oneness with the Tao. 3. 3.Groupings, Categorization and Non-Categorization/ Dualities And Oneness Because of Confucius Rectifications of Names (Fung, 1948), the role each person needs to play appears to have a lot of categorization (groupings) and love starts from loving ones parents and family members first and then extend out to love ones neighbors and further extend to ones community and society. In Taoism, there is this seeking or search for Oneness and no dualities or differentiation between animals and humans or humans and nature. Let me explain. First of all, humans need to widen their mind and horizons. human race oft live and experience reality conceptually. We do not see things afr esh and anew every time we look at them instead, we create categories and permit things fall into them, which is an easy and more convenient way of dealing with the world.Apart from the smaller things, such as defining a salad days as a rose, a vase as a Chinese Ming vase, an antique, or a person as a teacher, there are wider categories (groupings or types) under which everyone lives, including religions, beliefs, ideologies, and systems of government. Each category or type supplies us a level of psychological certainty and saves usfrom the effort of constantly challenging our own beliefs.Take for example, humans often divide animals into favorites or pets and domestic/ farm animals so that we can feel alright loving one and eating or consuming the other. Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)121 Mindlessness, on one hand, is when there is no focus and occurs when humans are conditioned or at least not know t hat the categories to which they subscribe are categories and have accepted them as their own without genuinely thinking, understanding and/or experiencing it.Breaking away from, reassessing old groupings and being able to see outside ones (individual/ in-box) subjective context (seeing the wider, collective/ out-of-the-box/ objective context) is mindfulness. We should indeed be perceiving things in un-habitual ways, and thus well grow. On the other hand, when we are mindful, we will not be stereotyping and boxing things up, well be in line with nature as things are transient and they also change. When we are mindful, we are breaking away from our egos and categories and in fact get closer to nature or Tao, the Universe.Then again, one can also argue that both Confucianism and Taoism are, in a way, common in terms of the pursuits of the Tao (as said under the Commonalities of Confucianism and Taoism section), and the differences lies in their starting points, from subjectiveness to universality for Confucianism and from mindlessness to mindfulness for Taoism. 3. 4 filial Piety And Nature Confucianism urges the people to respect their parents and the old. They are to take care of their parents, maintaining good links with them while upholding the value of filial piety (xiao).In the Confucian language, filial piety (xiao) means serving ones living parents, and thus, resulting in the five (5) vital relationships in the Confucian Teaching, that is, the relationships between i. ii. iii. iv. v. the royalty/prince and subject. father and son. older and younger brother. husband and wife. friend and friend. Filial piety embraces those attitudes of respect for ones seniors and a reciprocal attitude of love and affection on the seniors part to the junior. After the death of ones parents, it involves religious obligations in ceremonial worship. Franklin Publishing Company www.franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)122 Taoism, on the other hand, emphasizes going with the flow, maintaining good links and in oneness with the Nature, Heaven or the Universe. In Taoism, we learn from nature a flower falls even though we love it, and weed grows even though we do not love it. We love the animals and creatures around us. And we do not interfere yet we are contented after all, there is a season and reason for everything and everything has its place just permit it be. By accepting things as they are, we perish impartial or unaffected.It is good to follow the natural order (Low, 2010b). In following nature, we are in harmony with nature. There is no or little stress. We sit quietly do nothing. Spring comes and hook grows by itself. Besides, a known yet significant point to note is that nature does not boot yet everything is achieved. 3. 5 Rites And Beyond Rites Or Rigidity Versus Flexibility Confucius introduced rites/terms of reference to ensure people comply with the system. This is somewhat rigid however, on many occasions, he would allow people to modify, change and mend the rites accordingly.For example, on one occasion, Confucius highlighted that according to the traditional rites, ceremonial hats were made out of hemp these days people make them out of silk, he approved of the common practice since this, after all, is more economical (Confucius The Analects, Chapter IX, verse 3). Lao Tzu was flexible in his teachings, and he did not introduce or follow any system such as the rites proposed by Confucius. He instead encouraged people to lead a simple life, following the natural ways of living and remain detached to the world like a saucily born infant who has not yet learnt to smile.(Tao Te Ching, Verse 20). To analyze further, we can say that people in the world consists of different personalities, and some people are so used to or favour a structure, a sort of checklist or a religious (structured) approach to doing things (In Myers-Briggs Type Indicator MBTI terms Thinking Judging Fr anklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)123 Types) while others may prefer a less structured approach to doing things (In Myers-Briggs Type Indicator MBTI terms note Intuitive/ Perceiving Types).They like to move, adjusting along the way, rather than an immediate structured, ordered way, all the way through till the end or completion. In Confucianism, rites give structure, stability and continuity. Rites are necessary since they provide the basis of practices as well as more importantly, standards. Confucius also emphasize the need for rituals and music. For Confucius, sacrifice as if present is taken to mean sacrifice to the gods as if the gods were present. The Master, however, said, Unless I take part in a sacrifice, it is as if I did not sacrifice. (Confucius The Analects, Chapter III verse 12). Taoism goes beyond rites, going with the flow and like the quality of water, flexibility is also applied. Chairman Mao Zedong once quoted Lao Tzu, Fortune lies in misfortune and vice versa. In other words, the Taoist practitioner is often mindful of the fact that in every misfortune lies the seed of fortune, and in every fortune lies the seed of misfortune and given a situation, (s)he is to flexibly apply the right approach. 3. 6 acquisition And Unlearning.In Confucianism, learning and education is indeed critical (Low, 2010 2010a). Confucius stressed very much on learning and he himself set an example of continuous learning throughout his life. The Master said, At fifteen, I set my heart on learning at thirty I took my stand at xl I came to be free from doubts at fifty I understood the Decree of Heaven at sixty my ear was attuned at seventy I followed my hearts desire without overstepping the line. (Confucius The Analects, Chapter II, verse 4).Confucius stressed on learning learning prevents one from being narrow-minded. For Confucius, it is important for individuals to learn. He used lea rning to straighten out his mistakes and improve himself, and he in fact considered Junzi (a gentleman/lady) as a person eager to study. Confucius said, The gentleman seeks neither a full belly nor a comfortable home. He is quick in Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)124 action but cautious in speech. He goes to men possessed of the Way to be put right.Such a man can be described as eager to learn. Overall then, the Confucians see it as bad to eat ones fill all day long, and do nothing to nourish the mind. (Low, 2010, 2008). On the other hand, Taoism stresses on unlearning (perhaps even undoing bureaucracy or procedures), and here it can be seen as being simple is both wise and good. Lao Tzu encouraged people to unlearn their learning for then they would not have any anxiety (Tao Te Ching, Verse 20). Simplicity is indeed embraced and it is wise not to overemphasize or complicate things (Low, 2009).To the Taoists, the Confucians pursuit of knowledge has divided people and things (creating distinctions and differences between men and animals/ other creatures) as well as having complicated life they also argue that it can also cause contention for profits and fame. Life is indeed simple, and it is good not to over do things when eating just eat and when sleeping, just sleep and in living, just live. More so, one cannot learn with an occupied mind, one cannot fill a full cup unless its emptied one should not overanalyze too. Lao Tzu speaks of stop thinking and end your problems (Verse 20, Tao de ching).Figure 2 shows a summary of key differences between Confucianism and Taoism Human Living and Spirituality Practicality And Esotericism Groupings, Categorization and Non-Categorization/ Dualities And Oneness Filial Piety And Nature Rites And Beyond Rites Or Rigidity Versus Flexibility Learning And Unlearning 4 Conclusion Both Confucianism and Taoism, having been home-grown in China and dev eloped in almost total isolation from the rest of the world, have played a major role in the countrys tierce thousand Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net.Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)125 years of history. And perhaps the world and the people can learn, apply and adapt the finer points and wisdom of Confucianism and Taoism into their lives. And to paraphrase Yu Dan (2009 187), wherever we are, we can let the spiritual power of Confucianism and/or Taoism combine with our present laws and rules, fusing seamlessly together to become an essential part of our lives, to let each of us build for ourselves a truly worthwhile life. This is surely the ultimate significance of Confucius and/or Taoism in our lives today.References Confucius (1915) (Contributors Dawson, Miles Menander) The ethics of Confucius The sayings of the Master and his disciples upon the conduct of The Superior Man. G. P. Putnams Sons New York. Fung, Y. L. (1948) A dead hist ory of Chinese philosophy, The Free Press New York. Lau, D. C. (1979) Confucius The Analects (Lun Yu), The Penguin Books England. Li, Y. Y. (1996) Chinese traditional values and characteristics of Chinese health behavior. (in Chinese) Chinese psychology and therapy, Laureate Book Co. Taipei. Low, K. C. P.(forthcoming) Confucian ethics in Idowu, S. O. (ed. ), (2011) Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility, Heidelberg Springer-Verlag Low, K. C. P. (2010) Values make a leader, the Confucian perspective, Insights to a changing world diary, Volume 2010 Issue 2, p. 13 28. Low, K. C. P. (2010a) Teaching and Education the ways of Confucius, Educational research, December 2010 Special issues, p. 681- 686. Franklin Publishing Company www. franklinpublishing. net Conflict Resolution Negotiation (Volume 2011 Issue 4)126 Low, K. C. P.(2010b) Zen and leadership Growing ones leadership excellence, Insights to a changing world, Volume 2010 Issue 1, p. 1 10. Low, K. C. P. (2009) Lao T zus three treasures, leadership organizational growth, Leadership organizational management journal, Volume 2009, Issue 3, p 27 36. Low, K. C. P. (2008) Value-based leadership Leading, the Confucian way, Leadership organizational management journal, Volume 2008 Issue 3, p. 32 41. Low, K. C. P. (2008a) Leadership thoughts to ponder Some classic sins of leadership, Leadership organizational management journal, Volume 2008 Issue 4, p.65 75. Low, K. C. P. (2008b) Father leadership and small businesses in Singapore Case revisited, Leadership and organization management journal (LOM), Vol. 2008 Issue 3, p. 68 82. Low, K. C. P. (2008c) Confucian ethics social responsibility The golden rule responsibility to the stakeholders, ethical motive critical thinking journal, Volume 2008 Issue 4, p. 46 54. Low, K. C. P. and Ang, S. L. (2010), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chinese Medicine, Vol. 1 No. 3 (Dec 2010) p. 84 90, (Published Online http//www. SciRP. org/journal/cm). Lo w, K.